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橡塑保溫材料是一種高品質(zhì)的保溫材料，抗水蒸汽能力是影響其使用壽命的一個(gè)重要因素。因此，需要對橡塑保溫管進(jìn)行水汽滲透功能的檢測，這也是相關(guān)企業(yè)必須關(guān)注和控制的指標之一。

Rubber insulation material is a high-quality insulation material, and its resistance to water vapor is an important factor affecting its service life. Therefore, it is necessary to test the water vapor permeability function of rubber insulation pipes, which is also one of the indicators that relevant enterprises must pay attention to and control.

在建筑和工業(yè)中采用良好的絕熱措施與保溫材料，可顯著(zhù)降低生產(chǎn)能耗和成本，改善環(huán)境，起到事半功倍的效果。上世紀70年代末，國外一些發(fā)達就已經(jīng)開(kāi)始將橡塑保溫材料用到了建筑方面，并取得了巨大的成效，建筑能耗大幅度下降。如丹麥使用了橡塑保溫材料后，1985年比1972年采暖面積增加了30%，但采暖能耗卻減少了318萬(wàn)噸標準煤。顯著(zhù)的社會(huì )效益和經(jīng)濟效益使橡塑保溫材料得到了快速發(fā)展，對其功能的檢測研究也相繼展開(kāi)。本文結合Labthink蘭光的W3/0120水蒸氣透過(guò)率測定儀對橡塑保溫管的水汽滲透功能檢測做出簡(jiǎn)要介紹。

Using good insulation measures and materials in construction and industry can significantly reduce production energy consumption and costs, improve the environment, and achieve twice the result with half the effort. In the late 1970s, some developed countries abroad began to use rubber and plastic insulation materials in building energy conservation and achieved tremendous results, resulting in a significant decrease in building energy consumption. After Denmark used rubber insulation materials, the heating area increased by 30% in 1985 compared to 1972, but the heating energy consumption decreased by 3.18 million tons of standard coal. The significant social and economic benefits have led to the rapid development of rubber insulation materials, and research on their functional testing has also been carried out. This article provides a brief introduction to the water vapor permeability testing of rubber insulation pipes using Labthink's W3/0120 water vapor transmittance tester.

1、橡塑保溫管水汽滲透功能檢測的意義

1. The significance of testing the water vapor permeability function of rubber insulation pipes

對于橡塑發(fā)泡保溫材料隔熱能力的實(shí)現，是依靠其內部大量微小氣泡內的氣體。在合理的氣泡直徑范圍內，發(fā)泡越充分，材料內氣體的含量越高，隔熱效果越好。實(shí)際使用中，橡塑保溫管內外壁兩側始終存在溫差和濕度差，這就形成了水氣分壓差，水氣會(huì )逐漸向材料內部滲透。因為水的導熱系數（0.599w/m?k，20℃）遠高于空氣（0.026w/m?k，20℃），所以導熱系數會(huì )隨著(zhù)內部水氣的不斷累積而逐漸升高，從而導致材料降低或失去隔熱能力，縮短使用年限。因此，保溫材料的抗水汽滲透能力十分重要，直接關(guān)系到材料的使用壽命?？顾麧B透能力越強，水汽分子越難以深入材料內部，導熱系數升高越慢，保溫材料使用壽命越長(cháng)。對于橡塑保溫管，抗水汽滲透的能力可以通過(guò)材料的水蒸氣透過(guò)率來(lái)表征。

The realization of thermal insulation ability of rubber foam insulation materials relies on the gas inside a large number of tiny bubbles. Within a reasonable bubble diameter range, the more sufficient the foaming, the higher the gas content in the material, and the better the insulation effect. In practical use, there is always a temperature difference and humidity difference on both sides of the inner and outer walls of the rubber insulation pipe, which forms a water vapor pressure difference, and water vapor will gradually penetrate into the interior of the material. Because the thermal conductivity of water (0.599w/m? K, 20 ℃) is much higher than that of air (0.026w/m? K, 20 ℃), the thermal conductivity will gradually increase with the continuous accumulation of internal water vapor, leading to a decrease or loss of insulation ability of the material, and shortening its service life. Therefore, the anti water vapor penetration ability of insulation materials is very important, which directly affects the service life of the materials. The stronger the resistance to water vapor penetration, the more difficult it is for water vapor molecules to penetrate into the interior of the material, the slower the increase in thermal conductivity, and the longer the service life of the insulation material. For rubber insulation pipes, the ability to resist water vapor penetration can be characterized by the water vapor permeability of the material.

2、橡塑保溫管測試水蒸氣透過(guò)率的方法

2. Method for testing water vapor transmittance of rubber insulated pipes

橡塑保溫管的水蒸氣透過(guò)率測試主要參照標準：BS EN 13469-2001《建筑設備和工業(yè)設施用隔熱制品、預制管絕緣層水蒸氣透過(guò)率的測定》。此標準要求測試腔環(huán)境控制在溫度（23 ± 1）°C，相對濕度（50 ± 3）%的恒溫恒濕條件下。腔內空氣流速在0.02 m/s 到0.3 m/s。試樣的截取高度為（100 ± 1） mm，若試樣外圈直徑大于100mm時(shí)，則按照150mm截取。截面盡可能保持平滑。試樣內部放入一定量的干燥劑（提供0%的濕度環(huán)境），并將上下口用鋁箔密封。這樣，試樣內部0%的濕度與測試腔內50%的濕度之間有一個(gè)濕度差，測試腔內水蒸氣就會(huì )往試樣內部滲透。通過(guò)定期稱(chēng)量試樣杯的重量，就可以計算出水蒸氣透過(guò)率。

The water vapor permeability test of rubber insulation pipes mainly refers to the standard BS EN 13469-2001 "Determination of water vapor permeability of insulation products and prefabricated pipes for building equipment and industrial facilities". This standard requires the testing chamber environment to be controlled under constant temperature and humidity conditions of (23 ± 1) ° C and (50 ± 3)% relative humidity. The air velocity inside the cavity ranges from 0.02 m/s to 0.3 m/s. The cutting height of the sample is (100 ± 1) mm. If the outer diameter of the sample is greater than 100mm, it should be cut according to 150mm. Keep the cross-section as smooth as possible. Place a certain amount of desiccant inside the sample (providing a 0% humidity environment) and seal the upper and lower openings with aluminum foil. In this way, there is a humidity difference between 0% humidity inside the sample and 50% humidity inside the test chamber, and the water vapor inside the test chamber will penetrate into the sample. By regularly weighing the sample cup, the water vapor transmittance can be calculated.